When it comes to the culinary treasures of Xi'an, one dish stands out as a must-try: Xi'an Roujiamo (肉夹馍). Often dubbed the "Chinese hamburger," this delectable street food offers a unique twist on the classic sandwich concept, making it a beloved staple for locals and tourists alike. 

A Brief History of Xi'an Roujiamo

Xi'an Roujiamo

Xi'an Roujiamo has a rich history that dates back over 2,000 years, with roots tracing back to the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE). The dish is believed to have originated as a convenient meal for laborers and travelers along the Silk Road. The combination of flatbread and stewed meat was not only portable but also hearty enough to sustain those on long journeys.The name "Roujiamo" translates to "meat stuffed in bread," which accurately describes its composition. While it is often compared to hamburgers, it is distinct in its use of flatbread instead of a bun and typically features braised pork belly as its filling. Some variations may use beef or lamb, especially in areas with significant Muslim populations.

What Makes Xi'an Roujiamo Special?

The allure of Roujiamo lies in its simplicity and the depth of flavor achieved through traditional cooking methods. Here are some key elements that define this iconic dish:

• Flatbread: The bread, known as baijimo (白吉馍), is crucial to the dish's success. Traditionally baked in a wood-fired oven, it has a crispy exterior with a soft interior that perfectly complements the juicy meat filling. The texture is essential; a good Chinese hamburger should have bread that can hold up against the moisture of the meat without becoming soggy.
• Braised Meat: The filling is usually made from pork belly that has been slow-cooked in a rich broth infused with over 20 different spices. This lengthy cooking process allows the flavors to meld together, resulting in tender, flavorful meat that melts in your mouth.
• Fresh Ingredients: Xi'an Roujiamo is often garnished with fresh herbs like cilantro and green onions, adding brightness and freshness to each bite. Some vendors also offer chili oil or pickled vegetables for an extra kick.

How Is Xi'an Roujiamo Made?

The preparation is an art form in itself. Here’s a general overview of how this delicious snack is crafted:

• Making the Dough: The dough for baijimo is prepared using flour, water, and salt. After kneading, it is allowed to rest to develop gluten.
• Baking the Flatbread: Traditionally, pieces of dough are flattened and baked against the wall of a hot oven until they achieve a crispy texture.
• Cooking the Meat: Pork belly is simmered for several hours in a master sauce (known as lu zhi), which can be reused for years to enhance flavor. This sauce typically includes soy sauce, spices like star anise and cinnamon, and sometimes even secret family recipes.

• Assembling the Dish: Once both components are ready, the flatbread is sliced open and stuffed generously with the braised meat. Fresh herbs and sauces are added according to personal preference.

Xi'an Roujiamo

Sanqin Set Meal – Liangpi, Roujiamo & Bingfeng

Sanqin Set Meal

If you're planning to visit Xi'an and indulge in its local specialties, be sure to try the Sanqin Set Meal, which features a delightful combination of Liangpi, Roujiamo, and Bingfeng. This set meal showcases three representative snacks that define the culinary landscape of Xi'an. Roujiamo, often referred to as the "Chinese hamburger", consists of tender, braised meat—typically pork or beef—stuffed into a crispy flatbread. The meat is slow-cooked with a blend of spices, resulting in a rich and savory filling that pairs perfectly with the soft yet crispy bread. Accompanying the "Chinese hamburger" is Liangpi, a refreshing dish of cold skin noodles served with a spicy and tangy sauce. The chewy noodles, often garnished with fresh vegetables, provide a delightful contrast to the hearty meat.To complete the meal, enjoy a bottle of Bingfeng, a local soda similar to Fanta, which adds a sweet and fizzy touch to balance the flavors. Together, this Sanqin Set Meal offers an authentic taste of Xi'an's vibrant street food culture, making it an essential experience for any foodie visiting the city.

Where to Find the Best Roujiamo in Xi'an

If you find yourself in Xi'an, there are several renowned spots where you can indulge in authentic Xi'an Roujiamo:

• Qinyu Roujiamo: Located at No. 19 East Wood Market in Beilin District, this shop has been serving delicious Roujiamo for over 20 years. Known for its generous portions and flavorful meat, it's often ranked among the best places to try this dish.
• WangKui Lazhi Roujiamo: Situated on Changlefang Street in Beilin District, this restaurant is famous for its freshly baked flatbreads and tender meat fillings. It's a popular spot among locals and tourists alike.
• Cheng's Sauce Cured Meat Restaurant: Found at No. 289 Fangjian Road in Baqiao District, this eatery is beloved by residents for its warm and crispy Roujiamo served straight from the oven.