The Luoyang Water Banquet, known locally as “Shuixi” (水席), is a celebrated traditional meal from Luoyang, a historically significant city in Henan Province, China. This banquet is far more than just a collection of dishes; it is a meticulously structured culinary performance that embodies over a millennium of Chinese history, culture, and hospitality. Its distinct name reflects two fundamental characteristics: a strong emphasis on liquid-based dishes like soups and gravies, and a serving style that mimics the continuous, flowing movement of water.
What Is the Luoyang Water Banquet?
The Luoyang Water Banquet is a famous traditional Chinese meal from Luoyang, one of China’s oldest cities. This banquet features 24 different dishes, most served in broths, soups, or rich sauces. The dishes arrive one by one, flowing like water—hence the name “Water Banquet.”
This unique dining style focuses on light, warm, and easy-to-digest dishes. It reflects the region’s ancient food culture, where meals were designed to nourish both body and soul.
Why “Water”? The Secret Is in the Soup
In most Chinese banquets, you’ll find a mix of dry stir-fries, braised meats, and steamed dishes. But in the Luoyang Water Banquet, nearly every dish comes in a bowl of broth or thick sauce.
Even fried dishes are served in soup, not dry. This tradition began in Luoyang’s dry northern climate, where soups helped keep people hydrated, warm, and healthy.
Each dish flows to the next, offering a smooth and balanced taste journey from start to finish.
History of Luoyang Water Banquet
The Luoyang Water Banquet dates back over 1,300 years to the Tang Dynasty, when Luoyang served as the capital of China.
It became especially popular under Empress Wu Zetian, China’s only female emperor. She loved this banquet, and it was often served during royal festivals and political gatherings.
Today, the Water Banquet is served at weddings, family banquets, and local festivals. It represents hospitality, good fortune, and cultural pride.
Structure of the Water Banquet
The Luoyang Water Banquet includes 24 dishes. These are divided into three parts:
1. Cold Dishes (First 8)
The banquet starts with 8 cold dishes. These are light and fresh, often including vegetables, tofu, or local snacks. These dishes help open your appetite and prepare you for the hot dishes.
2. Hot Dishes (Main 16)
The next part includes 16 hot dishes. Among them, soups play a big role. Each dish comes one by one, and many are served in broth or with rich sauces. The dishes vary in flavor—some are sour, some are spicy, and others are sweet or savory.
One of the most famous dishes is Peony Swallow Dish (牡丹燕菜). It looks like a blooming peony, the city flower of Luoyang. It is made from shredded turnip, cooked in clear soup, and shaped by hand. It was once served to the Empress Wu Zetian, the only female emperor in Chinese history.
3. Flow of Service
The dishes come in a set order, from light to rich. Soup-based dishes are served often, keeping the table “watery.” This is why it is called a “water banquet.” The flow helps balance the meal and gives you a full experience of taste, smell, and texture.
Why Try the Luoyang Water Banquet?
✅ Taste Ancient History
Enjoy dishes once served to Chinese emperors during the Tang Dynasty.
✅ Good for Health
Most dishes are steamed or simmered in broth. They are light and not greasy.
✅ Fun for Sharing
Perfect for groups or families—everyone can try something new!
Tips for Travelers
Book Early – The full banquet takes time to prepare. Advance booking is often required.
Try the Vegetarian Version – Many dishes feature tofu, mushrooms, or root vegetables.
Arrive Hungry – Each dish is small, but 24 of them will fill you up!
Ask About Dish Order – Don’t rush. The experience is about the slow flow of flavors.
Luoyang Water Banquet vs. Regular Chinese Banquets
| Feature | Luoyang Water Banquet | Typical Chinese Banquet |
|---|---|---|
| Dish Style | All dishes in broth or sauce | Mix of dry, steamed, and soup |
| Course Count | 24 small, flowing courses | 8–12 large shared dishes |
| Cultural Roots | Tang Dynasty, royal court cuisine | Regional traditions |
| Serving Style | One dish at a time, flowing order | All served together or in parts |
The Luoyang Water Banquet is more than just food—it’s a cultural journey through China’s history, flavors, and hospitality. Whether you’re a food lover, a history fan, or simply curious, this banquet offers a special way to experience Luoyang’s rich heritage.
If you’re planning a trip to China and want something truly local and unique, the Water Banquet is a must-try.
